What are 3D Models?

3D Modeling is the process of developing a mathematical, wireframe or multi-faceted surface representation of any three-dimensional object (either inanimate or living) via specialized software. The product is called a 3D model.

3D models are three-dimensional representations of a parts or assemblies that you wish to create. Unlike 2D drafting tools, 3D modeling technology provides a lifelike representation of a design, from structural composition and the way parts fit and move together, to the performance impact of characteristics such as size, thickness, and weight.

The Benefits of 3D Modeling

3D modeling offers many benefits over traditional pencil and paper drafting, and even 2D computer drawing packagaes such as AutoCAD.

Some of these benefits are listed below:

• Fully defined and detailed three-dimensional models and assemblies. Every component can be individually modeled and assembled, giving you the ability to understand the way things interface with one another and allowing you to see things you might have otherwise missed in the 2D representations.
• Interference checks. Unlike 2D models, 3D assemblies can be rotated around to check for interferences, clearances and other concerns. Many 3D modeling programs have tools that will even check for interferences for you.
• Design flexibility and ease of modification. With 3D models, most dimensions and relations are associative, meaning if you change one dimension, the remaining dimensions and mating parts will move accordingly. Previously on paper or with AutoCAD, one dimension change could force you to erase half of your work and redraw the new areas completely.
• Hardware Libraries
• Mass properties
• Strength and force analysis (FEA)
• Animation and simulation capabilities

Why we use 3D Modeling in Robotics

• Strength Analysis - You can run tests to see if it's going to break.
• Interference Detection - You can see if your parts are going to interfere before you make them
• Aesthetics - You can make your parts look good.

Software Programs

The following is a list of common 3D modeling programs used in the design and drafting industries. It does not include programs used for animation and other photo-realistic applications.

• SolidWorks
• Pro/Engineer
• Autodesk Inventor
• Autodesk AutoCAD (has minor 3D capabilites)
• Catia
• Unigraphics
• Solid Edge